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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Net-map toolbox</span></span>

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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p>The <b>net-map toolbox</b> is a <a href="Social_network_analysis" title="Social network analysis">social network analysis</a> tool that uses interviews and mapping to help people understand, visualize, discuss, and improve situations in which many different actors influence outcomes. Social network analysis is a research approach used by scholars such as S.D. Berkowitz, Stephen Borgatti, <a href="Ronald_Burt" class="mw-redirect" title="Ronald Burt">Ronald Burt</a>, Linton Freeman, <a href="Mark_Granovetter" title="Mark Granovetter">Mark Granovetter</a>, Nicholas Mullins, <a href="Anatol_Rapoport" title="Anatol Rapoport">Anatol Rapoport</a>, <a href="Stanley_Wasserman" title="Stanley Wasserman">Stanley Wasserman</a>, <a href="Barry_Wellman" title="Barry Wellman">Barry Wellman</a>, and <a href="Harrison_White" title="Harrison White">Harrison White</a> to better understand the implications of the position of individual actors in a social structure.

</p><p>Individuals create influence network maps using materials from a physical toolkit. Actor names are written on post-it notes and distributed on a large sheet of paper. Lines are drawn to link the actors and reveal how they are connected or not connected, and “influence towers” are built to reflect the relative power of each actor (the higher the influence tower, the greater the influence). Photos displaying these influence network maps are available on the Net-Map blog.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_of_net-map">History of net-map</h2></div>

<p>Net-map was created in 2006 by Eva Schiffer, then a post-doctoral fellow at the <a href="International_Food_Policy_Research_Institute" title="International Food Policy Research Institute">International Food Policy Research Institute</a> in Washington, DC. Dr. Schiffer developed the toolbox while working on a project in Ghana with the Challenge Program on Water and Food, a system-wide program of the <a href="CGIAR" title="CGIAR">Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research</a>. Net-Map expands on the Power Mapping Tool.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The White Volta River Basin Board in rural Ghana, responsible for overseeing local water resources, was looking to enhance decision making among its many collaborators. The Board used Net-Map to identify its partners, its linkages with those partners, and their distinct goals and levels of influence. A representation of the Board’s network map is available in a <a href="World_Bank" class="mw-redirect" title="World Bank">World Bank</a> Sourcebook for Development Practitioners. Net-Map was also presented at the International Network of Social Network Analysis' International Sunbelt Social Network Conference<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 2007.

</p><p>Several researchers have made the case for visual network mapping, specifically in improving development projects.,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a monitoring and evaluation specialist based in the United Kingdom, supports the use of a network perspective in representing and evaluating aid interventions. Boru Douthwaite, a Technology Policy Analyst at the <a href="International_Center_for_Tropical_Agriculture" title="International Center for Tropical Agriculture">International Center for Tropical Agriculture</a> (CIAT) has used Participatory Impact Pathways Analysis<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (PIPA), which draws on many of the same concepts as Net-Map, to evaluate and manage development projects by directly engaging the participants. PIPA has been implemented through several workshops across the developing world, and is being developed by Mr. Douthwaite and other researchers from CIAT, as well as the <a href="WorldFish_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="WorldFish Center">WorldFish Center</a> and the <a href="International_Potato_Center" title="International Potato Center">International Potato Center</a>. The New Tactics in Human Rights Project—led by a diverse group of human rights international organizations, advisors and practitioners—uses visual network representations as one of its various innovative tools to promote human rights and end human rights abuses.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Applications">Applications</h2></div>

<p>Azmiri Mian, Centre for Human Resource Management, University of South Australia Business School, is using Net-Map Toolbox within the Human Resource Management and Organizational Behavior disciplines. Her PhD research is a mixed method case study to illustrate, interpret and explain employee social networks within an Indigenous organization. Ms Mian adapted the Net-Map Toolbox to develop individual Ego maps. This includes who the actors (participants) and alters (connections) are, what kind of a relationship it is, what factors contribute to the development of the network structure and who influences outcomes within the organization. Findings from this PhD study will become available on the Net-Map blog.

</p><p>Net-Map has also been applied directly, with the results documented in case studies, also available on the Net-Map blog. A research project on fisheries management in small reservoirs <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in Ghana, conducted by Ph.D. student Jennifer Hauck through the University of Bonn’s Center for Development Research (ZEF), focused on understanding networks on an individual actor level. Ms. Hauck adapted the Net-Map Toolbox by using local parts purchased in Ghana, including spare bicycle parts, reflecting Net-Map’s versatility.

</p><p>The <a href="International_Fund_for_Agricultural_Development" title="International Fund for Agricultural Development">International Fund for Agricultural Development</a> (<a href="IFAD" class="mw-redirect" title="IFAD">IFAD</a>) funded the rehabilitation of small reservoirs in Northern Ghana, but IFAD also wanted to understand the governance aspects of small reservoir maintenance so that local institutions could manage and maintain the infrastructure. A collaborative project<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> between IFAD, IFPRI, and the University of Bonn, used Net-Map to understand the role of Water User Associations, formed under the IFAD project, and other actors in local natural resources governance networks in Northern Ghana.

</p><p>The <a href="International_Food_Policy_Research_Institute" title="International Food Policy Research Institute">International Food Policy Research Institute</a> has used Net-Map in numerous cases, e.g. to understand the links between research and policy making in Nigeria<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Malawi, to improve the effectiveness of an HIV/Aids and Nutrition Network in Africa,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to improve communication and implementation concerning pro-poor avian influenza mitigation, eg. in Ghana<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Ethiopia.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The * <a href="World_Bank" class="mw-redirect" title="World Bank">World Bank</a> uses Net-Map as part of its Leadership for Development program to support reform teams in developing countries in mastering the adaptive challenges of implementing reforms.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards">Awards</h2></div>

<p>In recognition of Eva Schiffer's development of the Net-Map Toolbox, she was awarded the 2008 CGIAR Promising Young Scientist Award.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110204183500/http://netmap.ifpriblog.org/">"Net-Map Toolbox"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://netmap.ifpriblog.org">the original</a> on 2011-02-04.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ifpri.org/publication/tracing-power-and-influence-networks">"Tracing power and influence in networks"</a>. <i>www.ifpri.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-11-29</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080509141445/http://www.insna.org/2007/Sunbelt%202007.html">"XXVII International Sunbelt Social Network Conference - Chandris Hotel Complex at Dassia Bay, Corfu, Greece, May 1-6, 2007"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.insna.org/2007/Sunbelt%202007.html">the original</a> on 2008-05-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-04-09</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rick Davies</span>

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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://boru.pbworks.com/w/page/13774903/FrontPage">"Impact Pathways / FrontPage"</a>. <i>boru.pbworks.com</i>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fisheries Management in Small Reservoirs</span>

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<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">collaborative project</span>

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<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ifpri.org/publication/improving-research-policy-linkages-nigeria">"Improving research-policy linkages in Nigeria"</a>. <i>www.ifpri.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-11-29</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ifpri.org/publication/regional-network-aids-livelihoods-and-food-security-renewal">"The Regional Network on AIDS, Livelihoods and Food Security (RENEWAL)"</a>. <i>www.ifpri.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-11-29</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ifpri.org/publication/surveillance-and-control-highly-pathogenic-avian-influenza-hpai-ghana">"Surveillance and control of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) in Ghana"</a>. <i>www.ifpri.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-11-29</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ifpri.org/publication/surveillance-and-control-highly-pathogenic-avian-influenza-hpai-ethiopia">"Surveillance and control of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) in Ethiopia"</a>. <i>www.ifpri.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-11-29</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100626204052/http://www.cgiar.org/newsroom/releases/news.asp?idnews=860">"CGIAR: Newsroom: News Releases"</a>. <i>www.cgiar.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cgiar.org/newsroom/releases/news.asp?idnews=860">the original</a> on 2010-06-26.</cite></span>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://netmap.wordpress.com">Net-Map Toolbox Blog</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ifpri.org/">International Food Policy Research Institute</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://theme5.waterforfood.org/">Challenge Program on Water and Food</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.insna.org/">International Network of Social Network Analysis</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mande.co.uk/">Monitoring and Evaluation News (MandE News)</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://boru.pbwiki.com/">Participatory Impact Pathways Analysis</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newtactics.org/">New Tactics in Human Rights</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080410184912/http://www1.uni-bonn.de/startseite/jsp/index.jsp">University of Bonn</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zef.de/">Center for Development Research (ZEF)</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ifad.org/">International Fund for Agricultural Development</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140211102825/http://lead4dev.org/">Leadership for Development</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2></div>

<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFSchiffer2007" class="citation web cs1">Schiffer, Eva (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://netmap.files.wordpress.com/2007/11/schiffer07_net_map_water_governance_ghana.pdf">"Organizational learning in multi-stakeholder water governance"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Net-Map Case Study Series. International Food Policy Research Institute: Washington, DC.</cite></li>

<li><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTTOPPSISOU/Resources/1424002-1185304794278/TIPs_Sourcebook_English.pdf">"Tools for Institutional, Political, and Social Analysis of Policy Reform A Sourcebook for Development Practitioners"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. The World Bank: Washington, DC. 2007.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFDavies2003" class="citation web cs1">Davies, Rick (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080516194757/http://www.mande.co.uk/docs/nape.pdf">"Network Perspectives In The Evaluation Of Development Interventions: More Than A Metaphor"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. New Directions in Impact Assessment for Development: Methods and Practice: EDAIS Conference November 24–25, 2003. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mande.co.uk/docs/nape.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2008-05-16.</cite></li>

<li>Hauck, Jennifer. (2007) "Research on Fisheries Management in Small Multipurpose Reservoirs." Net-Map Case Study Series. International Food Policy Research Institute: Washington, DC.</li>

<li>Schiffer, Eva; J. Hauck; and M. Abukari. (2007) "Influence Network Mapping: Mapping linkages of Water Users’ Associations in IFAD-supported LACOSREP in Northern Ghana." International Food Policy Research Institute: Washington, DC.</li></ul></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

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